Solid waste in Kerugoya town is generated mainly from residential and commercial activities. Wastes include food waste, paper, plastic, rags, metal, and glass. Construction wastes and small amounts of hazardous wastes such as electric light bulbs, batteries, automotive parts, and discarded medicines and chemicals are also part of solid waste generated. These wastes are primarily generated by the residential areas of the town, institutions and the commercial area of Kerugoya town.

With a burgeoning construction industry, the demand for materials for construction has gone up tremendously. Considering that the bulk of construction materials are naturally occurring, the exploitation of natural resources is inevitable. Aggregates used in concrete production are obtained by quarrying through rock to break down to smaller sizes.

Different projects require cement types that possess specific characteristics for example the compressive strength in order to improve efficiency.