The rising need for safe and affordable accommodation has resulted in the design and construction of structures (floor slabs) that are quite heavy, more reinforcements and therefore expensive. This therefore calls for the need to redesign and introduce a mechanism that can reduce the overall cost of floor slab construction; that reduce costs related to heavy members while striving to meet the population’s demand for cheap housing. Channelization/routing of ducts (i.e.

The quality of groundwater in the world is unknown, according to a report by the world bank (IAH Congress 2020 | IGRAC.) Similarly, there is an increase in the worsening of the water quality than previously thought.

Road traffic accidents have been the biggest shortcoming on our roads. The biggest contribution to these are road user carelessness. Road users are however controlled by the physical environment of the roads and the traffic conditions. There has been limited interest and pursuance of this aspect locally in respect to curbing road accidents. Creating a better understanding between road accidents, the traffic conditions and the road geometry could help in understanding which aspects when improved could help reduce road traffic accidents.