ASSESSMENT OF THE SUITABILITY OF GROUNDWATER ABSTRACTION FOR DOMESTIC PURPOSES WITHIN HARDY AREA (KAREN-LANGATA AREA) IN NAIROBI

Climate change has resulted in decreased levels of surface water while rural-urban migration has led to a continuous increase in water demand in Nairobi County, due to the increase in population, especially within the Karen-Langata area. As a result of the surface water struggling to fully meet the demands of the growing population, a number of residential settlements (mostly private) in the area have adapted the use of groundwater for domestic use via borehole and wells.

USE OF RECYCLED CONCRETE AGGREGATE IN HIGHWAY WORKS.

The construction of highways has been on upward trend in Kenya over the past century, especially in major towns and cities. Highways are an expensive part of transportation facilities, as their construction and maintenance require huge amounts of materials globally. The increased demand for construction materials has raised concerns about the availability of natural aggregates and source of new aggregates. Historically, the most common method of handling the waste materials has been through disposal in dedicated landfills.

IMPROVEMENT OF AN INTERSECTION AT THE KINCAR STAGE OF THE UTAWALA-GITHUNGURI ACCESS ROAD FROM EASTERN BY-PASS

Some of the major problems affecting this road cross intersection are:  Lack of a proper drainage system especially during heavy rains on the two undone streets.  Speeding especially of matatus at the intersection.  Excessive intersection conflicts within/ near the intersection  Vehicle conflicts with non-motorists. Pedestrians and cyclists are not catered for and therefore makes it hard for them to share the road with motorists.  Inadequate sight distance at the intersection.