In the design of reinforced concrete structures, the structural engineer must guarantee a
safe structure. Safety as a requirement dictates that a structure should not cause any harm or loss
of life throughout its construction and operation. The safety of all infrastructure is first conceived
in the design stage where potential hazards are identified corresponding to the building’s various
structural systems and behaviours (Arya, 2022). These potential hazards, presumed to lead to the

Clay subgrades, a common foundation material in highway construction, are susceptible to
strength loss and instability due to factors like moisture fluctuations and traffic loads.
Traditional stabilizing agents like lime and cement, while effective, have a significant
environmental impact due to their production processes.
This project aims to address the challenge of balancing effective subgrade stabilization with
environmental sustainability. While traditional methods offer strength improvement, they come

The purpose of this building is to provide elegant cost-effective housing facilities to the
people with families who carry out business in Nairobi and its surroundings. Elegant in a
way that the design and general appearance of the building will be modern and stylish
ensuring a pleasant environment for families. The apartments will also cost less than
surrounding similar modern apartments thus cost-effective.
The proposed structure is to be erected on PLOT No.
KIAMBU/MUNICIPALITY/BLOCK 5(KIAMUMBI)/832 KIAMBU COUNTY.