Typical wood burned for fuel at pulp and paper mills, and the wood products industry may consist
of saw dust, wood chips, bark, saw mill scraps hard chips rejected from pulping, excess screenings
such as sheaves, primary residuals without mixed secondary residuals, etc. Physical and chemical
properties of wood ash are important in determining their beneficial uses. These properties are
influenced by species of trees, tree growing regions and conditions, method and manner of

In recent times, there have been a number of demolitions around the city of Nairobi. Buildings use a range of materials inclusive of Aluminium. Scrap metal is a worldwide phenomenon from car parts, once the vehicles are out of service, the issue of waste recycling and use arises. In pursuit of having a better and cleaner environment, this research seeks to ascertain the use of scrap Aluminium in concrete.

Concrete is the most commonly used construction material, often being a mixture of Portland cement with sand, crushed rock and water. The ratio of concrete consumption to steel exceeds ten to one in most countries, therefore there is no material save for water does man consume in such tremendous quantities (Brunauer & Copeland, 1964).